Yes, but only if you have AutoCAD LT 2017. The language packs are version-specific and work on both full AutoCAD and LT.
and AutoCAD 2021 are different versions. Language packs are version‑specific. → A French language pack designed for AutoCAD 2021 will not work on AutoCAD 2017. autocad 2017 french language pack 2021
If you only see “English” as an option, your license might be region-locked to English. Contact Autodesk support to add French language rights. Yes, but only if you have AutoCAD LT 2017